An agency shop is an organizational arrangement in which employees who are not union members must pay a fee to the union to cover the costs of collective bargaining and other union services from which they benefit. This structure is subject to collective bargaining agreements and state laws.
A closed shop is an organization where workers are required to be members of a union before they can be hired. Due to legislation, closed shops are largely illegal.
A closed union, often referred to as a closed shop, is a type of employment arrangement where employers agree to hire only members of a specific labor union.
A requirement for union members to keep their membership for the duration of a labor agreement. Workers are not required to join unions under this arrangement.
An open union is a labor organization that allows membership to any qualified worker without requiring initiation fees, high dues, examinations, or other barriers to membership.
Right-to-Work Laws are statutes that prohibit agreements between labor unions and employers that make union membership, dues, or fees a condition of employment, as permitted by Section 14(b) of the Taft-Hartley Act.
A labor agreement providing that existing employees may continue as union or nonunion members, but new employees must join the union.
