An extensive look into what constitutes a business for Value-Added Tax purposes and how it relates to the concept of 'economic activity' as defined in EU VAT Directive.
A Discretionary Trust is a type of trust where the shares of each beneficiary are not fixed by the settlor but can be varied at the discretion of the trustees or another appointed person.
An Equity Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) that invests directly in properties and earns income from their ownership and operation.
An investment company is a financial institution engaged in holding securities and assets for investment purposes. They pool funds from individual investors and invest them in diversified portfolios of securities, offering professional management and diversification benefits.
An investment trust is a company that collects funds from shareholders to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities, aiming to achieve income and capital gains. While similar to unit trusts, investment trusts have several distinctive characteristics.
A nondiscretionary trust, also known as a fixed investment trust, is an investment trust that may only invest in specific securities pre-determined by its organizing documents. The percentage of total assets that may be invested in a specific security or type of securities is usually predetermined.
A Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) operates as a company that owns, operates, or finances income-producing real estate, allowing individual investors to earn a share of the income produced through commercial real estate ownership, without actually having to buy, manage, or finance any properties.
Venture Capital Trusts (VCTs) offer a high-risk, high-reward investment avenue that provides risk capital for smaller unlisted trading companies, with the added advantage of certain tax benefits in the UK.
