Understanding common abbreviations used for 'Income Tax' and 'Information Technology' in accounting and technology-related contexts.
An Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) is a formal set of rules and guidelines that govern how a computer network, internet service, or other digital resources may be used. This policy aims to protect the integrity of the network and ensure it is used ethically and legally.
Access time refers to the duration a computer system requires to retrieve data from memory or storage and can also denote the time necessary to transfer data within the device to an appropriate storage location.
An alphanumeric character is any character that is either a letter (A-Z) or a numeral (0-9). These characters are commonly used in passwords, user IDs, and other digital identifiers.
A bit, short for binary digit, is the smallest unit of data in a computer and represents a binary value of 0 or 1.
Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) aims to lower costs and improve quality through a radical reassessment of an organization's working methods, leveraging enhanced information technology for fundamental redesign.
The central processing unit (CPU) is the primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the computer. It executes instructions from programs by performing basic arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output (I/O) operations.
A computer is a machine capable of executing instructions to perform operations on data. Its distinguishing feature is its ability to store its own instructions, allowing it to perform numerous operations without needing new instructions each time. Modern computers are composed of high-speed electronic components capable of executing millions of operations per second.
Cyberspace is the conceptual environment where computer networking hardware, software, and users interact and communicate. It encompasses the global internet, private and public networks, and various data streams.
Data refers to the information that is processed, stored, or produced by a computer. The distinction between program (instructions) and data is a fundamental concept in computing.
Decryption is the process of converting encoded or encrypted information into a readable and understandable format. It is the reverse of encryption, which is the process of converting readable data into an unreadable format to protect its integrity and confidentiality.
A type of computer that represents information in discrete form, as opposed to an analog computer, which allows representations to vary along a continuum. All modern general-purpose electronic computers are digital.
The process of converting information into a digital (computer-readable) format. The digitized data can now be processed, stored, and transmitted by computers and other digital devices.
Electronic mail, commonly known as e-mail, refers to a system that enables an individual to send messages from one computer or terminal to another over a network, most frequently the Internet. The message is stored until the recipient retrieves and acts upon it.
Encoding refers to the process of converting information or a message into a specific format or code, often to ensure confidentiality, efficient transmission, or storage.
Ethernet is a standard method of connecting computers to a Local Area Network (LAN) primarily using coaxial cable, but also other forms of cabling and link media.
A gigabyte (GB) is a unit of digital information storage used in computing and telecommunications. It is equivalent to 1,024 megabytes (MB) or approximately one billion bytes.
IBM is a global leader in the manufacturing of computers, servers, and other office equipment. Established in 1911 through a merger of three companies, it has played a crucial role in the evolution of information technology.
Information Technology involves the use of computers and other electronic means to process, distribute, and transfer information. Various networks, including Wi-Fi, satellite links, and mobile networks, facilitate tasks such as email communication, remote database access, and electronic funds transfer, playing a significant role in the globalization of markets.
A laptop, also known as a notebook computer, is a small, portable personal computer with a clamshell form factor, typically having a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside top lid of the clamshell and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the bottom lid. Laptops are designed for mobile use and can run on a battery or an external power supply.
The Apple Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, which was the first widely used computer with a graphical user interface (GUI).
An informal name for a company with the potential to grow quickly, providing it can obtain substantial capital; risks are likely to be high. The information technology industry is an example of a sector that has included a number of mad dogs.
An information system designed to provide financial and quantitative information to all levels of management in an organization. Modern MIS solutions provide data from integrated computer databases constantly updated from all organizational areas in a structured manner.
A Management Information System (MIS) is an organized approach to gathering critical data and information, which supports decision-making processes within an organization. MIS integrates technology, people, and business processes to facilitate efficient management operations.
A megabyte (MB) is a unit of digital information storage commonly used in computer science, representing approximately one million bytes. It is prevalent in quantifying file sizes and storage capacity.
Metadata, commonly referred to as 'data about data,' includes vital information pertaining to electronic files, such as creation dates, modification history, authorship, and other properties.
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit that houses the entire central processing unit (CPU) of a computer on a single chip, requiring only memory and input-output devices to complete the system.
The term 'online' refers to being connected to a computer network, especially the Internet. This state contrasts with 'offline' and allows users to access a multitude of resources and services.
A service economy is an economic structure where the majority of activities and jobs are centered around services rather than manufacturing, agriculture, or extraction. In such economies, the service sector dominates, offering various non-tangible goods such as healthcare, information technology, education, finance, and entertainment.
The process of providing data from a smaller computer system, such as a microcomputer, to a larger system, such as a mainframe or minicomputer, or to another microcomputer.
A work station is an area specifically reserved or designed for an individual to perform their assigned tasks efficiently without interference from others.
Write-protect is the process of placing a signal to a computer or storage device to prevent any data from being accidentally written or modified on the storage device. This ensures valuable data can be read without the risk of being overwritten or deleted.
