Horizontal integration refers to the strategy where a company acquires, merges, or takes over another company operating at the same level of the value chain in the same industry. The primary aim is to reduce competition, increase market share, and achieve economies of scale.
Horizontal integration refers to the strategy where a company acquires or merges with other companies operating at the same level in an industry. It aims to consolidate resources, reduce competition, and increase market share.
Rationalization refers to reorganization efforts within a firm, group, or industry aimed at increasing efficiency and profitability. Activities under rationalization may include closing redundant units, expanding others, or restructuring the product range to adapt to market demands.
Vertical integration involves the combination of companies operating at different stages within the same industry's supply chain. It strengthens control over production, distribution, and other critical steps, often resulting in increased efficiency and cost savings.
