A broken lot refers to an incomplete set of merchandise, often resulting from damage or improper packaging.
A capital gain dividend is any distribution that is designated as such by a regulated investment company in a written notice mailed to its shareholders not later than 60 days after the close of its taxable year. It is treated as a capital gain by the shareholders.
The foundational questions that address what a society decides to produce, the methods used for production, and the distribution of the products among its members.
Distribution refers to various processes including the payment of dividends, the final settlement of a company's assets upon winding up, allocation of a person's property, and the channeling of goods to consumers.
The term 'economic' pertains to matters related to the economy or the study of economics, encompassing various aspects such as production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services within a society.
Economic efficiency refers to the optimal allocation of resources where they are most valued and the production and distribution of goods and services occurs at the lowest possible cost. It ensures that no further improvements can be made in one person's well-being without making someone else worse off.
Economics is the study of how societies allocate scarce resources. It includes the examination of production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services.
Finished goods are products that have completed the manufacturing process and are ready for distribution to customers.
Horizontal conflict refers to discord between competitors operating at the same level within a marketing channel, often resulting in market oversaturation and severe competition. It contrasts with vertical conflict, involving different levels within the distribution hierarchy.
An industrial distributor is a wholesaler who sells products to industrial customers rather than to retailers, providing a vital link in the supply chain.
A term with multiple meanings in business referring either to personnel involved in production or distribution, or the types of goods produced or carried.
The comprehensive plan for scheduling the delivery of required supplies and materials at destinations as needed.
Materials handling involves the moving, packaging, and storing of raw materials, in-progress inventory, and finished goods within a business, including shipping, receiving, and processing operations.
An individual responsible for directing the merchandise sales effort for a manufacturer, retailer, wholesaler, distributor, dealer, or advertising agency.
The on-sale date is a pivotal term within the publishing industry, representing the date when new issues of a periodical are scheduled for public availability. This date governs the production schedule, including printing and distribution to newsstands.
Open distribution refers to the distribution model where the same merchandise can be sold within a specified region or area by different dealers. This model imposes no restrictions on the number of products a dealer can sell, offer for sale, or deliver to retailers, and allows dealers to carry competitive lines.
A 'Parcel' can refer to a piece of property under one ownership, a package sent through a common carrier, or the act of distributing items.
Payload refers to the cargo or freight that produces revenue or income, typically measured by weight. It encompasses merchandise transported by carriers for profit, including returned merchandise that does not result in additional trips.
Place utility refers to the value added to products or services by making them available in locations convenient for consumers, thereby increasing the product's overall utility.
The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures wholesale prices across various stages of production and distribution before goods and services reach the consumer market. It is released monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The structured sequence of stages involved in bringing a new product or service concept to market, encompassing market analysis, targeting, development, distribution, and feedback analysis.
Retained Earnings, also known as retained profits, ploughed-back profits, or retentions, represent the portion of net profit remaining after distribution to shareholders. This amount is retained within the company for reinvestment purposes.
A return of capital refers to a distribution from a corporation to its shareholders that is not paid out of the corporation's earnings and profits. It represents a return of the shareholders' investment in the stock of the company.
Strict product liability refers to the legal responsibility of all parties involved in the manufacture, distribution, and sale of a product for any damage it causes, regardless of fault or intention.
The Utility Possibility Frontier (UPF) is a curve on a graph that illustrates the maximum utility levels that two different consumers can achieve given a fixed amount of resources and technology, highlighting the trade-offs in redistributing resources.
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax levied on the value added to goods and services at each stage of production or distribution and is ultimately borne by the end consumer.
Vertical integration involves the combination of companies operating at different stages within the same industry's supply chain. It strengthens control over production, distribution, and other critical steps, often resulting in increased efficiency and cost savings.
A wholesaler acts as a middleman by purchasing large quantities of products from manufacturers and reselling them to retailers or other businesses rather than to the final consumers, enabling the distribution process in the supply chain.
