ALGOL (Algorithmic Language) is the name of two computer programming languages that have had a significant impact on the design of modern programming languages.
An algorithm is a precise sequence of instructions designed to solve a specific problem. It must be explicitly defined and consist of a finite number of steps. Algorithms are the foundation of computer programs, which are algorithms written in a language that computers can execute.
An applications programmer is a professional who writes software programs that use the computer as a tool to solve specific applied problems.
A collection of data elements identified by a common name, where each element can be efficiently located and retrieved using indices or subscripts.
A branch of computer science focused on creating systems capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. These systems can simulate human thinking, solve problems creatively, and efficiently mimic cognitive functions such as learning and reasoning.
Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is one step above machine language. Each statement in an assembly language corresponds to a machine language statement, enabling hardware-level control with more readability compared to pure binary code.
A bit, short for binary digit, is the smallest unit of data in a computer and represents a binary value of 0 or 1.
Coding is the process of writing an algorithm or other problem-solving procedures in a computer programming language. It forms the backbone of software development, bridging the gap between theoretical algorithms and practical applications.
A comprehensive guide to understanding 'command' in both hierarchical and technological contexts.
A compiler is a computer program that transforms code written in high-level programming languages like FORTRAN or PASCAL into machine language.
A deadlock is a situation in which two or more competing actions are waiting for the other to finish, and thus neither ever does.
A type of computer that represents information in discrete form, as opposed to an analog computer, which allows representations to vary along a continuum. All modern general-purpose electronic computers are digital.
FORTRAN (Formula Translation) is a high-level computer programming language developed by IBM in the late 1950s. It was the first programming language that allowed programmers to express calculations through mathematical formulas.
Fuzzy logic is a system of computer instructions enabling computers to deal with ambiguities, emulating human-like decision-making processes.
Data fed into a computer for processing. Computers receive input through an input device, like a keyboard, or from a storage device, such as a disk drive.
In computer programming, a loop is a set of statements that are executed repeatedly. Loops are fundamental for controlling the flow of a program and are key for performing repetitive tasks efficiently.
A matrix is a mathematical term describing a rectangular array of elements such as numerical data, parameters, or variables. Each element within a matrix has a unique position, defined by the row and column.
A megabyte (MB) is a unit of digital information storage commonly used in computer science, representing approximately one million bytes. It is prevalent in quantifying file sizes and storage capacity.
Memory in computing refers to the electronic device within a computer, where information is stored while being actively worked on. Memory capacity and type play a crucial role in determining the efficiency and performance of computer applications and software.
An operating system (OS) is a program that controls a computer and makes it possible for users to enter and run other programs. It helps manage hardware resources and provide various services to software applications.
Overflow is an error condition that arises when the result of a calculation exceeds the maximum limit of a number that can be represented by an electronic computer or calculator.
Parallel processing refers to the simultaneous performance of two or more tasks by a computer, which increases processing speed and efficiency, allowing for more complex computations to be done in a shorter amount of time.
A program that generates a sequence of numbers that seem to be completely random. Random numbers provide a way of selecting a sample without human bias.
Rich Text Format (RTF) is a universal computer format for text documents that allows the inclusion of various formatting attributes, using different fonts and typefaces to enhance document presentation.
Robotics is the interdisciplinary branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as the computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
A rounding error is a computational discrepancy that occurs when the exact representation of a number cannot be stored accurately in a computer due to limitations in precision, leading to an approximation stored with finite digits.
A source program is a computer program written in a high-level programming language (such as BASIC, FORTRAN, or Pascal) and fed into a computer for translation into machine language.
A subscripted variable, also known as an array, is a data structure in which multiple elements are stored, each identified by an index or subscript.
A variable is a data item that can change its value; it is also referred to as a factor or an element in various fields such as statistics, computer science, and mathematics.
