A Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a Core-Based Statistical Area associated with at least one urbanized area with a population of at least 50,000. An MSA comprises the central county or counties containing the core, plus adjacent outlying counties with a high degree of social and economic integration with the central county as measured through commuting.
In transportation, 'Peak Period' refers to the specific time intervals during which the transportation system experiences the highest demand and utilization, often linked to morning and evening rush hours.
A straphanger refers to a bus or rail commuter, particularly one who stands up while traveling, often holding onto bars or handles for support. The term originates from early subways where leather straps were used for passengers to grip.
