Capital Expenditure

ACSOI (Adjusted Consolidated Segment Operating Income)
ACSOI, a non-standard accounting metric in the USA, treats marketing and customer acquisition costs as capital expenditures rather than operating expenses, which can inflate a company's net profit in the current accounting period.
Additional First-Year Depreciation
Increased depreciation that can be deducted during the first year of a capital expenditure. This allows businesses to more rapidly deduct capital expenditures of most new tangible personal property and certain other new property.
Annual Investment Allowance (AIA)
A capital allowance introduced in April 2008 that enables businesses to offset 100% of their capital expenditure in any one year against corporation tax, up to a specified limit. The allowance is available to businesses of any size or legal form and cannot be claimed on non-commercial motor vehicles.
Betterment
In the USA, betterment refers to the replacement of a major item of plant or machinery by one that will provide better performance, which involves capital expenditure.
Capital Account
A comprehensive financial account in various types of business, recording different aspects of share capital, investments, and capital expenditures.
Capital Budget
The Capital Budget, also known as the capital expenditure budget or capital investment budget, is part of the master budget that outlines the anticipated capital expenditures an organization plans to make within a given budget period.
Capital Costs
Capital costs refer to the expenses incurred to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets such as properties, industrial buildings, or equipment. Often, these costs are major, one-time expenses that have long-term benefits.
Capital Expenditure
Capital expenditure, often referred to as capital costs or capital investment, pertains to substantial expenses incurred by an organization for purchasing or enhancing fixed assets. These costs are capitalized on the balance sheet and depreciated over the asset's useful life.
Capital Expenditure (CapEx)
Capital Expenditure (CapEx) refers to the funds used by a company to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets such as property, industrial buildings, or equipment. It is often used to undertake new projects or investments by the firm.
Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)
Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) refers to funds used by a business to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets such as property, industrial buildings, or equipment. These expenditures are capitalized and either depreciated or depleted over their useful life, as opposed to repairs, which are deducted from the current year's income.
Capital Expense
A Capital Expense is any expenditure made by a business to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets such as property, industrial buildings, or equipment. These expenses are typically substantial and offer a long-term benefit.
Capital Improvement
Capital improvement refers to the significant enhancement or betterment of a building or equipment, which extends its useful life or increases its productivity. The costs associated with capital improvements are added to the asset's basis and depreciated over time.
Capital Investment
Capital investment involves the outlay of funds to acquire or upgrade physical assets such as property, buildings, or equipment, which are expected to improve the capacity or efficiency of a business.
Capital Outlay
Capital outlay, also known as capital expenditure (CapEx), refers to funds used by a company to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets such as property, industrial buildings, or equipment. It is a crucial aspect of an organization's investment strategy and financial management.
Capitalization
An essential concept in accounting and finance that pertains to providing capital for a company, managing its capital structure, converting reserves into capital, and accounting for capital expenditures.
Cash Flow to Capital Expenditure Ratio
The Cash Flow to Capital Expenditure (CapEx) Ratio analyzes a company's ability to maintain its plant and equipment using cash generated from its operations, excluding dividends, rather than relying on external borrowing.
Commitments for Capital Expenditure
Expenditure on fixed assets to which a company is committed for the future. Such commitments are usually disclosed in the directors' report and notes to the accounts.
Cost Classification
Cost classification is the process of grouping expenditures according to common characteristics, facilitating the proper allocation and management of expenses within an organization.
Expenditure
Expenditure refers to the costs or expenses incurred by an organization. These may be capital expenditure or revenue expenditure. It encompasses both the outlay of money and the acknowledgment of liabilities.
Fixed-Asset Investment
Fixed-asset investment refers to the expenditure on tangible assets that are likely to have a life of more than one year. These investments are essential for business operations and often include property, machinery, and infrastructure.
Free Cash Flow
Free Cash Flow (FCF) is a crucial financial metric that indicates the amount of cash generated or consumed by a company after accounting for capital expenditures. It is instrumental for assessing a company's ability to pay dividends, reduce debt, acquire other businesses, or invest in growth opportunities.
Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E)
Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E) are tangible assets that businesses use to enrich their operations. Unlike real property, these items are typically moveable and are not permanently affixed to buildings.
Government Grant
A government grant is a financial award provided by a government body to an organization to support activities that are deemed socially or economically beneficial. These grants can be either revenue-based or capital-based and have specific accounting treatments according to Financial Reporting Standards.
Investment Centre
An investment centre is a unit or division within an organization where capital expenditures are made under the specific oversight of management responsible for that centre. This focus allows for detailed accountability and efficient resource management.
Investment Costs
Investment costs are the expenditures incurred when an individual or organization allocates money to acquire investments or assets, often with the anticipation of generating returns over time.
Investment Expenditure
Investment expenditure, also known as capital expenditure, is the spending by businesses or governments on long-term assets to generate future growth.
Know-how
Industrial information and techniques that assist in manufacturing or processing goods or materials. Capital expenditure incurred in the acquisition of know-how may qualify for allowances against corporation tax.
Labor Intensive
Labor intensive refers to industries or companies where labor costs are a more significant component of total costs compared to capital expenditures.
Outlay Cost
Outlay cost refers to the initial expenditure incurred for a project or activity, which can include both capital expenditures and working capital expenditures like raw material stocks.
Repairs and Maintenance
The revenue expenditure incurred in maintaining the assets of an organization in their original condition as far as possible. Any expenditure incurred in improving the assets would normally be regarded as capital expenditure and therefore not repairs and maintenance.
Risk Analysis
The measurement and analysis of the risk associated with business, financial, and investment decisions. It involves the identification of risk, the classification of risks in regard to their impact and likelihood, and a consideration of how they might best be managed.
WorldCom Scandal
An in-depth exploration of the WorldCom scandal, one of the largest accounting fraud cases in history, which involved significant financial manipulations leading to inflated profits and assets.

Accounting Terms Lexicon

Discover comprehensive accounting definitions and practical insights. Empowering students and professionals with clear and concise explanations for a better understanding of financial terms.