A Mortgage Insurance Policy is designed to protect lenders and borrowers in mortgage agreements by covering payments in certain situations, such as default or borrower death.
Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP) is the fee paid by a mortgagor to obtain mortgage insurance on a mortgage loan. This fee can be collected as a lump sum at loan closing, as part of the monthly payment, or both.
The mortgage interest deduction is a tax incentive provided to homeowners, allowing them to reduce their taxable income by the amount of interest paid on a qualified home loan. This deduction is a substantial financial benefit for many taxpayers, promoting homeownership.
A mortgage lien is an encumbrance on property used to secure a loan. The lien holder has a claim to the property in the event of a loan default.
Mortgage Life Insurance is a type of term life insurance specifically designed to pay off the remaining mortgage debt in the event of the policyholder's death, thus ensuring that the surviving household members are not burdened with the mortgage debt.
Legislation and U.S. Treasury Department actions aimed at providing lenders with incentives to work with borrowers to avoid foreclosure.
A mortgage note is a legal document that states the names of the borrower and lender, the amount borrowed, the interest rate, repayment terms, and other loan provisions. While the mortgage pledges the property as collateral, the mortgage note outlines the debt and the repayment requirements.
Mortgage out refers to obtaining financing in excess of the cost to construct a project. It's a process used by developers to secure a permanent loan commitment based on a high percentage of the completed project's value. Due to stricter underwriting criteria, opportunities to mortgage out have become nearly nonexistent.
A Mortgage REIT is a type of Real Estate Investment Trust that lends stockholder capital to real estate builders and buyers. Mortgage REITs also borrow from banks and relend that money at higher interest rates.
Mortgage relief refers to the reduction or elimination of mortgage debt on a property, frequently through the assumption of mortgage by another party or debt retirement. In specific transactions like tax-free exchanges, mortgage relief can trigger taxable gains.
Mortgage servicing involves the administration of a mortgage loan, including regular collection of payments, managing escrow accounts, tracking principal and interest payments, and administrating foreclosure procedures if necessary.
A Mortgage-Backed Certificate (MBC) is a type of security that is backed by a collection of mortgages. Investors in MBCs receive periodic payments derived from the interest and principal payments made on the underlying mortgages.
A Mortgage-Backed Security (MBS) is a type of asset-backed security that is secured by a collection of mortgages. These securities enable banks to lend more aggressively while transferring the associated risk to investors.
A mortgagee is an entity or individual that holds a lien on or title to a property as security for a debt, typically a lender.
A mortgagor is an individual or entity that borrows money through a mortgage by pledging property as security for the loan.
Most Favored Nation (MFN) is a trade status granted by one nation to another, ensuring the lowest possible tariffs and the fewest trade barriers. This status fosters equal treatment in international trade, promoting economic cooperation and growth.
The motherboard is the main circuit board of a computer, housing the CPU, memory, and essential connectors for components.
Motion study is the process of analyzing work to determine the most cost-efficient motions for performing tasks. It's a major contribution of scientific management, primarily developed by Frederick W. Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
Motivation refers to the inner strivings of individuals that direct their behavior. It involves the psychological forces that drive individuals to act in a particular way to achieve certain goals or gratifications.
Motivational research encompasses psychological studies aimed at understanding the underlying motivations behind consumer purchases and responses to advertising appeals.
Motor freight refers to the use of trucks, as opposed to railroad trains, to ship freight. This mode of transport is frequently faster on a door-to-door basis compared to rail freight.
Motor Truck Cargo Insurance provides protection for motor truck carriers against legal liability for damage, destruction, or other loss of the customer's property being shipped, as required under the Motor Carrier Act of 1935.
A mouse is a computer input device used to interact with the graphical user interface of a computer by moving a pointer.
The term 'movement' has multiple interpretations in various disciplines including economics, politics, and social sciences. In economics, it generally refers to price changes or fluctuations in a market. However, in a broader context, it can also signify a political action or social campaign aimed at instigating change.
A 'Mover and Shaker' refers to an individual who has a dramatic impact on an organization or a series of events through their dynamic ability to get things done quickly and successfully.
A statistical calculation used to analyze data points by creating a series of averages of different subsets of the full data set. It is particularly used in finance and business to assess trends over a certain period.
Moving Expense Deduction refers to the tax deduction available for certain expenses incurred by an individual when relocating to a new residence for employment purposes. The deduction is permitted if the taxpayer's new job is located at least 50 miles farther from the former residence than the previous job.
A codename for the Navigator Web browser created by the Netscape Communications Corporation, Mozilla evolved to become the Mozilla Application Suite, and is now known for publishing open-source applications such as Firefox and Thunderbird.
MP3 is a file compression format for music that allows users to download and store music from the Web efficiently. It stands for MPEG-1/MPEG-2 Audio Layer III and was developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group.
MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly used from the 1980s to the early 1990s.
An individual who consciously searches for corruption on the part of public officials or businesses and exposes it to the public.
A multi-tied adviser is a type of financial advisor who represents several financial institutions and can offer products from a limited range of providers.
A multibuyer is a customer who appears on two or more customer lists, indicating purchases from each list owner. This term is also known as a multiple buyer. Multibuyers may be moved to a special promotion list due to their demonstrated high propensity to purchase.
Multicollinearity refers to the presence of independent variables in regression analysis that are associated with each other, having some degree of correlation. This phenomenon can complicate the interpretation of model coefficients and lead to unreliable results.
An accounting method of presenting financial information on different bases such as historical-cost convention, modified historical-cost convention, and replacement cost, in a columnar format to facilitate better understanding by users.
Multiemployer bargaining, also known as association bargaining, refers to an arrangement where an association of employers in the same industry negotiates with labor unions as a collective entity.
Multifamily housing refers to a type of residential structure that contains multiple housing units within the same building, suitable for families or individuals.
A Multifunction Device (MFD) refers to an office machine that incorporates the functions of multiple devices in one, such as printing, scanning, copying, and faxing. These devices are designed to improve operational efficiency, save space, and reduce costs.
A Multifunction Device (MFD) or Multifunction Product (MFP), commonly known as an All-In-One, is an electronic device that performs multiple functions, including printing, scanning, copying, and sometimes faxing.
A multifunctional card is a versatile plastic card issued by banks or building societies, designed to perform multiple financial transactions such as debit card, cash card, and cheque card functions, facilitating easy access to various banking services using a personal identification number (PIN).
Multilateral netting is a method of reducing transaction costs within a corporate group or among multiple parties by centralizing and consolidating intercompany transactions to a single net payment or receipt for each subsidiary.
An MTF is a European Union-regulated financial trading venue, offering a platform different from traditional stock exchanges to match buyers and sellers in a transparent and efficient manner.
In the European Union, a Multilateral Trading Facility (MTF) is a financial trading platform that operates as an alternative to regulated exchanges. It allows for electronic trading and often matches buyers and sellers anonymously, akin to the U.S. Alternative Trading System (ATS).
Multilevel Marketing (MLM) is a strategy used by some direct sales companies to encourage existing distributors to recruit new distributors by paying them a percentage of their recruits' sales. This builds a pyramid-like financial structure.
Multilevel Marketing (MLM) is a system of retailing where consumer products are sold by independent businessmen and women, often known as distributors. These distributors are encouraged to build and manage a sales force, with their compensation based on both personal sales and the sales of their recruited team.
Multimedia refers to content that uses a combination of different forms of media to communicate and engage with an audience. It integrates text, graphics, audio, and video to enhance the delivery of information.
Multimedia mail refers to emails that contain a combination of text, images, audio, and video, enhancing the communication experience and audience engagement. Often used in marketing and communication strategies, multimedia mail aims to capture the recipient's attention more effectively compared to plain text emails.
A corporation that has production facilities or other fixed assets in at least one foreign country and makes its major management decisions in a global context; sometimes called transnational corporation.
A Multinational Enterprise (MNE) is a company that has facilities and other assets in at least one country other than its home country. This typically includes offices or factories, as well as a centralized head office where they coordinate global management.
A corporation that has production operations in more than one country for reasons such as securing raw materials, utilizing cheap labor, servicing local markets, taking advantage of tax differences, and bypassing protectionist barriers.
Multiple breakeven points refer to two or more activity levels at which an organization breaks even, often occurring when cost and revenue functions are nonlinear and intersect more than once on breakeven charts.
A multiple listing arrangement among a group of real estate brokers who agree in advance to provide information about some or all of their listings to the others and also to split commissions on sales of such listings between listing and selling brokers.
An association of real estate brokers who agree to share listings with each other, facilitating a broader array of choices for prospective buyers and enabling brokers to share commission from sales.
Multiple Locations Forms are insurance policies that provide coverage for property owned by one individual or entity across several locations. This includes merchandise, materials, fixtures, furniture, specified machinery, betterments, and improvements made by tenants.
Multiple regression is a statistical method used to examine the relationship between one dependent variable and two or more independent variables. This technique helps in understanding how multiple factors simultaneously affect the dependent variable.
Multiple Shop refers to a labor arrangement where both professional and nonprofessional employees are represented within the same bargaining unit. This concept includes various nuances such as legal requirements and the role of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).
Multiple solution rates refer to various rates of return that can be computed in certain appraisal scenarios using the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method, particularly when cash flows vary between positive and negative values.
Top management integrating lower and middle level managers in the planning and administration of corporate affairs.
A factor used as a guide, applied by multiplication to derive or estimate an important value in economics, finance, and various business contexts.
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) is an Internet standard that extends the format of email to support text in character sets other than ASCII, as well as attachments of audio, video, images, and application programs.
MIME is an extension to Internet email that allows transfer of non-textual data such as graphics, audio, and fax, enhancing the versatility and utility of email communications.
The Multistate Tax Commission (MTC) is an intergovernmental state tax agency that works to promote cooperation and standardization in tax legislation among multiple states across the U.S.
Multitasking refers to the capability of an operating system to run multiple computer applications concurrently. This allows users to perform multiple operations, such as printing a document, working on a different program, and downloading content from the Internet simultaneously.
A bond issued by a state or local government body such as a county, city, town, or municipal authority. Typically, the interest earned on municipal bonds is generally not taxable by the U.S. government, nor in the jurisdiction that issued it.
M-CATS, or Municipal Certificate of Accrual on Treasury Securities, is a type of zero-coupon bond issued by a municipality. These bonds do not pay periodic interest but are sold at a significant discount to their face value.
A Municipal Revenue Bond is a type of bond issued by municipalities to finance public works projects such as bridges, tunnels, or sewer systems. The principal and interest payments are supported directly by the revenues generated from the project.
A Municipal Utility District (MUD) is a political subdivision that offers utility-related services like water, sewage, and sometimes electricity to its residents. They have the authority to issue Special Assessment bonds to finance their projects and infrastructure.
Muniments of title are documents, such as deeds or contracts, used to indicate ownership of property. These legal instruments play a crucial role in securing rights and proving ownership.
Muqarada is an Islamic financial instrument that serves as an alternative to conventional bonds. It aligns with Sharia principles, offering a profit-sharing investment model.
In Islamic finance, Murabaha refers to a sales contract where the seller discloses the cost and profit margin to the buyer.
Murphy's Law is an administrative aphorism that asserts 'Anything that can go wrong, will go wrong.' It originated with developmental engineer Ed Murphy in 1949, following a laboratory technician's error.
Musharaka is a joint venture or partnership structure in Islamic finance where profits and losses are shared among partners according to predetermined ratios.
A financial institution similar to a Savings and Loan Association (S&L) but organized as a cooperative. It is owned by its members, with deposits representing shares. Members, as shareholders, vote on the association’s affairs and receive income in the form of dividends.
A mutual company is a type of corporation where ownership and profits are distributed among its members or customers based on the volume of business they conduct with the company.
A mutual company is a company owned by its members or depositors. Common examples include mutual insurance companies and building societies. These companies distribute profits to policyholders rather than shareholders.
A mutual fund is a type of regulated investment company that pools money from shareholders to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, and other securities.
A mutual insurance company is a type of insurance company that is owned by its policyholders. Unlike stock insurance companies, mutual insurance companies do not have stock that is available for purchase on the stock exchange.
State-chartered banks owned by depositors and operated primarily for their benefit, with significant holdings in home mortgage loans.
Mutual trading refers to situations where the income of a company arises solely from contributions by its members, with those members being the owners of the company. These organizations often operate as mutuals or building societies, and their 'profits' are considered a surplus of contributions rather than taxable profit.
Mutuality of Contract refers to the reciprocal understanding or agreement between parties that is necessary for the formation of a legally enforceable contract.
Mutually exclusive projects refer to a set of project alternatives where the selection of one project precludes the inclusion of the others due to constraints such as land or resources. For instance, using a parcel of land to build a factory means it cannot be used for an office block.
The 'My Documents' folder is a virtual storage location on a Microsoft Windows operating system where users are encouraged to store their personal files and documents, promoting better organization and preventing clutter in the main software directories.
A social networking site that allows users to highly customize their profile pages and was extremely popular in the early to mid-2000s.
A naked option refers to an options contract where the buyer or seller does not hold the underlying asset associated with the option. This type of position can expose the writer to unlimited losses or substantial gains.
A naked position, also known as an uncovered or open position, refers to the practice of entering into a derivatives contract—such as options or futures—without holding the underlying asset involved in the contract.
A Name Position Bond, also known as a Fidelity Bond, is a type of insurance that helps protect employers if employees holding certain listed positions commit dishonest acts like stealing money.
NASDAQ, an electronic market for securities that began in 1971, has grown to become the largest stock market in the USA, listing more than 3000 companies. It was the first screen-based trading system to operate without a physical trading floor.
National advertising refers to the promotion of products or services by companies that target a nationwide market, distinct from local or regional advertising efforts.
A global professional association that supports the business valuation, litigation consulting, and fraud deterrence disciplines within the CPA and professional business advisory communities.
An organization of home builders that provides educational, political, information, and research services to the construction industry.
The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) is a prominent advocacy group established in 1895, headquartered in Washington, D.C. It serves as the voice of the manufacturing industry, addressing national and international issues, and providing critical insights on legislation and legal matters affecting manufacturers.
An organization of REALTORS® dedicated to promoting professionalism in real estate activities. With over 1 million members, 50 state associations, and several affiliates, NAR members must adhere to the NAR Code of Ethics.
The National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) was a self-regulatory organization of the securities industry responsible for the regulation and oversight of broker-dealers in the United States.
A computerized system that provides brokers and dealers with price quotations for securities traded over the counter (OTC) as well as for many New York Stock Exchange-listed securities. NASDAQ quotes are published in the financial pages of most newspapers.
The National Audit Office (NAO) is the UK's supreme audit institution responsible for scrutinizing public spending on behalf of Parliament.
An independent body established in 1983 to audit government departments and other public bodies, ensuring the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of resource use.
A commercial bank whose charter is approved by the U.S. Comptroller of the Currency rather than by a state banking department. National banks are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System and to belong to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
A National Brand refers to a product that is distributed, sold, and recognized across the country, as opposed to a store brand, which is typically exclusive to the retailer selling it.
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is a Cambridge, Massachusetts–based private, nonprofit organization committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community.
Established by an Act of Congress in 1901, the National Bureau of Standards conducts research providing groundwork for the nation's physical measurement system as well as scientific and technological services for industry and government.
